Tuesday, November 13, 2007

Mainstream media (MSM) borrowing from citizen media:

Methods
- Youtube



- Invitation for citizen / audience participation

Established traditional media such as the BBC invited audiences to contribute:

Are you in Burma? Have you witnessed the protests? What is the mood like in the country? Send us your comments and experiences.

You can send pictures and video to: yourpics@bbc.co.uk or to send via MMS please dial +447725100100.

If you have a large file you can upload here. Read the terms and conditions


Early stages of conflict - INFO VACUUM

- Information / photos due to restricted access


- Information War that the government joined on the cyber battlefield, as told by blogger Ko Htike in London,
who has received personal e-mails - and protesters within Burma have received mobile phone text messages - spreading false information and rumours, for example about military crackdowns on protesters.

He is convinced these are spread by the Burmese authorities, trying to both influence protesters and hijack his website to spread government propaganda.

"Many people are reading my blog so if I put through fake news on the site it will affect people. They [the government] can see the hits, they can see that people are looking at my site... that means they are scared so they are trying to manipulate me, to use people power," Ko Htike said.

MSM compromises its credibility by indirectly taking up position on the cyber battlefield.

2004: Opportunity taken

Burma's bloggers are using the internet to beat censorship, and tell the world what is happening under the military junta's veil of secrecy.

The regime stopped focusing on policing its virtual borders after a power struggle which resulted in the ousting of former Prime Minister Khin Nyunt in October 2004, explains Mr Brussels.

"Khin Nyunt was a military intelligence guy, he had a big network of spies and people were quite wise about all these kind of controls. After he was removed, they no longer have much knowledge in this area," he said.

"There has been the opportunity for people on the inside to use their skills. These are young journalists and geeks, they know how to by-pass the blocking and the censorship."

Dissident media outlets

Selection of blogs & websites

- Audiences: international / local / MSM

- Representation of events, words used

The Irrawaddy had some balanced reporting on its website.

Moezack used to have a good archive here but it's all disappeared since he went into hiding after the cyber-crackdown began.


Most of the posting from inside Burma was in Burmese, but here are some of those on September 30th, translated and aggregated by Burma-Myanmar Genocide 2007:

5:04 PM

KoHla: Now, Myanmar Police Force is tracing the blog owner of http://niknayman.blogspot.com. This blog has been reporting the most updated information on the web, that CNN and BBC had to watch updates on his blog.

Badly wounded people burnt alive at YaeWay Crematorium

It is reported from several different sources that about 200 unknown dead bodies. The worse part is some very badly wounded people were burned alive without medical treatment, nor contacting the victims' families. It was confirmed by a staff at the Yayway Crematorium.

Below is a transcript of a phone conversation with a Burmese in Yangon:
Er… they shot… people got killed. Er…but it seems like it wasn't as
bad as yesterday in terms of number of deaths, however we will know
the accurate picture tomorrow. Er… la another disturbing news is
that er… I would like to know if you would inform BBC and CNN about?
(sob!!!) They burned the injured protesters/civilian people in the
YaeWay Crematorium la la . Er… the staff from crematorium told this,
crying, to the people who went to the funeral service. Please let
this known to CNN and BBC.

3:06 PM

NikNayman: Myanmar police force has given orders now to trace and arrest the famous blogger NikNayman, who has been reporting detail news about Myanmar.

2:24 PM Food difficulties for Monks

Niknayman: Most monasteries in Yangon have difficulties of preparing food for monks and nuns, because they are not allowed to go out of monasteries all day long. Democratic activists urge people of Burma to donate and support monasteries in your neighborhoods.

Ngwe Kyar Yan Abbot Replaced

Myo Thant: After the brutal attack at Ngwe Kyar Yan Buddhist Monastery by the dictator's troops 3 days ago, the Abbot (chief monk) has now passed away.

Now it has been urgently repaired, and even the Abbot (chief monk) position is replaced with an unknown monk, by the government authorities.

2:15 PM Kayah State

Multi-religional groups gathered at Dimawso

and Fruso Townships today and read their prayers. Junta is now forming informal organization called "Swan-Arr-Shin" (meaning, owner of strength) with 20 member per village in Kayah State.


2:01 PM

Nearly 10,000 people are doing their demonstrations in the rain at Thamine junction.

2:00 PM

Ko Hla: Today, there were about 10,000 people protesting near ThaMine junction at 2:00 pm (local time) under the rain.

2:00 PM Mandalay

Students gathered at the corner of 75th and 35th Streets, waving a red flag. There were almost 100 motorbikes there. They made a brief protest and disappeared.

Junta is hiring people for 1000 to 2000 kyats (US$0.80 to US$1.50 at market rates) per day for their pro-junta movements, such as attacking democrat activists and to eliminate evidences (such as collecting bullet shells and cleaning up bloodshed, etc.).

Yangon Detention Centre Locations

MyoThant: A responsible citizen informed our group of 8888-generation students that riot police have setup their detention centres at these locations:
1. Kyaikasan Horse Racing Ground,
2. Yay-Kyi-Eine former Military Intelligence headquarters,
3. GTI (Governmental Technical Institute), Insein
4. GTC (Government Technical College)

Blood and flip-flops seen in a street in Yangon, Myanmar, 27 September 2007 as riot police and soldiers crack down on a week-long barefoot rebellion in Myanmar's former capital. Security forces in Myanmar and have launched raids on monasteries and arrested scores of monks, as they try to stem a rising tide of protests.


11:30 PM

MinZaw: People from ward-3 and 4 of Thaketa towhship blocked the roads with barriers so that dictator's troops can not get in. However, they came by boat to that area by Thaketa stream, raided the monastery, and arrested them. Where about of these monks are now unknown.

To take records of Dead Bodies in the River

Burmese democratic activists have announced to inform and to take records and photographs of any corpses at the lower delta of Yangon River and Hlaing River in Yangon.

A high school student got shot

Ko Hla: A high school student was shot down in South Oakkalapa Township yesterday. The student’s parents managed to get his body but the military search the whole quarter and took back the body by force later.

Gambari to Myit-Kyi-Nar

KoHla: Myanmar military regime is arranging trip for Mr. Gambari to the town of Myit-Kyi-Nar. Pls help to convey msg that Mr. Gambari should remain in Ygn where most of the genuine protests are being carried out and see the actual situation of what is happening in Burma.

3:55 PM Pakokku

MinZaw: Public demonstration has started in Pakokku just now.

3:48 PM

NikNayman: The crowd has enlarged up to 70,000 now in China town. Most demonstrators here are teenagers of high school age.



Monday, November 12, 2007

Web 2.0 usage - the Upload

- Access inside Burma
- iReporters: Mobile phone videos / photos - 'embedding' video
=> Internet cafes => blogs / dissident news websites

source: Mizzima





- Global protest organization - Social networks: Facebook

Web 2.0 usage - the Agenda


- Pro-democracy

- Freedom of Expression - no (traditional) restrictions

- Feeding to MSM
=> Western MSM coverage = sympathetic => Political pressure/action

- CNN effect: effect of cyberbattle on political events in ‘real’ dimension
=> Agenda: get into Western MSM
=> Foreign political intervention

Questionable Ethics

- Alternative / Citizen journalism - lack basic journalistic principles

- Dangers, risk-taking - Aristotle, virtue of courage

- Blogosphere: direct communication between users and receivers
=> Inter-subjective model

- CNN effect: effect of cyberbattle on political events in ‘real’ dimension
=> Agenda: Get into Western MSM
=> Foreign political intervention

- Religious element to conflict

- Traditional western media relationship to conflict - BBC's Handbook for Bloggers and Cyber-dissidents

CONCLUSIONS

Subjective, biased blogs

'News' sites - more balanced

Individual cyber dissidents following different ethics, but same as government propaganda.
Watch this video on niknayman's blog!